Due to limited availability of land in the city, a large amount of low-cost housing projects sprawl to the flood-prone areas in Bogota. This expansion was characterized by a discontinuous growth of urban fragments that were not necessarily articulated to the road network. The generic and elongated block is typically laid out with indifference towards natural topography and canal system. Moreover, much of the development on the floodplain of Bogota River was achieved by drying wetlands, destroying farmland, and increasing impermeable surfaces. By occupying flood-prone areas, the connatural function of the floodplain as a sponge is gradually weakened. As a result, chaotic urbanization in Bogota has caused many
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